# Free Objective Test 01 Practice Test - 11th and 12th

The odds in favour of A solving a problem are 3 to 4 and the odds  against B solving the same problem are 5 to 7.  If they  both try the problem, the probability that the problem is solved is:

A. 4184
B. 1621
C. 521
D. 14

#### SOLUTION

Solution : B

P(A)=37,P(B)=712P(¯A)=47,P(¯B)=512P(AB)=1P(¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯AB)=1P(¯A¯B)P(AB)=147×512=1621

Two players A and B throw a die alternately for a prize of Rs 11, which is to be won by a player who first throws a six.  If A starts the game, their respective expectations are

A. Rs 6; Rs 5
B. Rs 7; Rs 4
C. Rs 5.50; Rs 5.50
D. Rs 5.75; Rs 5.25

#### SOLUTION

Solution : A

Probability through a six = 16
P(A)=16,P(¯A)=56,P(B)=16,P(¯B)=56
Probability of A winning
=P(A)+P(¯A)P(¯B)P(A)+P(¯A)P(¯B)P(¯A)P(¯B)P(A)+...
=16+56×56×16+56×56×56×56×16+...
=1612536=611
Probability of B winning =1611=511
Expectations of A and B are
611×11= Rs 6 and 511×11 =Rs 5

Sixteen players P1.P2.P16 play in a tournament.  They are divided into eight pairs at random.From each pair a winner is decided on the basis of a game played between the two players of the pair.Assuming that all the players are of equal strength, the probability that exactly one of the two players P1 and P2 is among the eight winners is

A. 415
B. 715
C. 815
D. 1730

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

Let E1(E2) denote the event that P1 and P2 are paired (not paired) together and let A denote the event that one of two players P1 and P2is among the winners.
Since, P1 can be paired with any of the remaining 15 players.
We have, P(E1)=115
and P(E2)=1P(E1)=1115=1415
In case E1 occurs, it is certain that one of P1 and P2 will be among the winners. In case E2 occurs, the probability that exactly of P1 and P2 is among the winners is
P{(P1¯P2)(¯P1P2)}=P(P1¯P2)+P(¯P1P2)=P(P1)P(¯P2)+P(¯P1)P(P2)=(12)(112)+(112)(12)=14+14=12
ie, P(AE1)=1 and P(AE2)=12
By the total probability Rule,
P(A)=P(E1).P(AE1)+P(E1).P(AE2)=115(1)+1415(12)=815

A box contains 24 identical balls of which 12 are white and 12 black. The balls are drawn at random from the box one at a time with replacement. The probability that a white ball is drawn for the 4th time on the 7th draw is

A. 564
B. 2732
C. 532
D. 12

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

In any trail, P(getting white ball) = 12
P(getting black ball) = 12
Now, required event will occur if in the first six trails 3 white balls are drawn in any one of the 3 trails from six. The remaining 3 trails must be kept reserved for black balls. This can happen
In 6C3×3C3=20 ways.
=20×(12)3×(12)3×12=532

Three children are selected at random from a group of 6 boys and 4 girls.  It is known that in this group exactly one girl and one boy belong to same parent.  The probability that the selected group of children have no blood relations, is equal to

A. 115
B. 1315
C. 1415
D. 215

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

P(boyand his sister both are selected) = 8C110C3=115
required probability = 1115=1415

A bag contains 3 white, 3 black and 2 red balls.  One by one, three balls are drawn without replacing them.  Then the probability that the third ball is red , is given by

A. 524
B. 112
C. 14
D. 12

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

Number of white balls = 3,  black balls = 3 red balls = 2
Since drawn balls are not replaced, for third ball to red, we have following patterns:
E1=WWR,BBR,E2=BWR,WBR; and E3=RBR,RWR,BRR,WRR
P(E1)=2×38×27×26,P(E2)=2×38×37×26,P(E3)=4×2×3×18.7.6
Required probability =P(E1)+P(E2)+P(E3)=14

A natural number   is chosen at random from the first 100 natural numbers. Then the probability, for the in-equation x+100x>50 satisfied, is

A. 120
B. 1120
C. 13
D. 14

#### SOLUTION

Solution : B

x+100x>50x250x+100>01x<25521,or 25+521<x100(1x100,x ϵ N)
x=1,2,48,49,50,...,100
Therefore  the total number of ways = 100 and favorable ways = 55
Required probability =55100=1120.

The probability that a certain beginner at golf gets good shot if he uses correct club is 13, and the probability of a good shot with an incorrect club is 14.  In his bag there are 5 different clubs only one of which is correct for the good shot.  If he chooses a club at random and take a stroke, the probability that he gets a good shot is

A. 13
B. 112
C. 415
D. 712

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

P( getting correct club ) =15
Therefore P(hitting good shot by correct club) =13×15=115
P(getting wrong club) =45
P(hitting good shot with wrong club) =45×14=15.
Therefore P(hitting good shot) =115+15=415.

A coin whose faces marked 2 and 3 is thrown 5 times, then chance of obtaining a total of 12 is

A. 516
B. 58
C. 532
D. 524

#### SOLUTION

Solution : A

It is given that the coin has faces 2 and 3, tossed five times.

To get sum 12  we need 2,2,2,3,3 in any combination.

So, in the 5 throws, there need to be 3 2's. Automatically other 2 will be 3's since there is no other possibility.

So, it boils down to choosing 3 from 5.

Therefore  P(getting sum 12) =5C3(12)5=516.

Let head means 1 and tail means 2 and coefficients of the equation ax2+bx+c=0 are chosen by tossing a fair coin. The probability that the roots of the  equation are non-real,  is equal to

A. 58
B. 78
C. 38
D. 18

#### SOLUTION

Solution : B

a, b, c may be 1 or 2
ax2+bx+c=0 has non-real roots if b24ac<0
b12(a,c)   (1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)   (1,2),(2,1)(2,2)   =7
Hence required probabilidy =723=78.

Two fair dice  are rolled simultaneously.  It is found that one of the dice show odd prime number.  The probability that the remaining dice also show an odd prime number, is equal to

A. 15
B. 25
C. 35
D. 45

#### SOLUTION

Solution : A

Odd prime on a die are 3 and 5.
Let event A = one of the dice show odd prime number, and event B = remaining dice also shows odd prime number.
P(BA)=n(AB)n(A).A={(3,1)(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6),(5,1),...(5,6),(1,3),(2,3),...(6,3),(1,5),...(5,5),}And AB={(3,3).(5,5),(3,5)(5,3)}P(AB)=420=15.

A fair coin is tossed  a fixed number of times.  If the probability of getting 7 heads is equal to that getting 9 heads, then the probability of getting 3 heads is

A. 35212
B. 35214
C. 7212
D. 7214

#### SOLUTION

Solution : A

Probability of r successes in n trials is equal to nCrprqnr, where p is the probability of success in one trial and q is the probability of failure in one trial.
Let the coin be tossed n times. Here p and q are both 1/2
P(getting 7 heads)=nC7(12)n andP(getting 9 heads)=nC9(12)nGiven, P(7 heads)=P(9 heads) nC7=nC9n=16P(3 heads)=16C3(12)16=35212.

A five digit number is formed with digits 0. 1. 2. 3. 4 without repetition.  A number is selected at random,  then the probability that it is divisible by 4 is

A. 13
B. 516
C. 14
D. 415

#### SOLUTION

Solution : B

The number formed is divisible by 4 if the last two digits are  04,40,34,32,20,12.
Therefore total number of favorable ways = 3! + 3! +4 + 4+ 3! + 4 = 30 (This is the sum of number of ways in which the first two digits can be formed)
Total numbers that can be formed =  5! – 4! = 96 ( Number of ways of arranging 5 digits - Number of ways in which zero comes as the first digit)
Therefore required probability =3096=516.

On a toss of two dice, A throws a total of 5.  Then the probability that he will throw another 5 before he throws 7 is

A. 245
B. 25
C. 181
D. 19

#### SOLUTION

Solution : B

let P(A) be the probability of throwing total of 5 and P(B) the probability of throwing total 7.
P(A)=436=19,P(B)=636=16,P(A or B)=518 and P(A and B)=0P(neither A nor B)= 1318, P(5 before 7)=19+1318.19+1318.1318.19+....=19[111318]=25.

A bag contains 'a' white and 'b' black balls. Two players A  and B alternately draw a ball from the bag, replacing the ball each time after the draw.  A begins the game.  If the probability of A winning ( that  is
drawing a white ball) is twice the probability of B winning, then the ratio a : b  is equal to

A. 1 : 2
B. 2 : 1
C. 1 : 1
D. 1 : 3

#### SOLUTION

Solution : C

Let the event when a white ball is draw be W and for black ball let it be B. So A wins when we  get sequence of the form
W or WBW or WBBBW or WBBBBBW......
Probability of getting W is a/a+b . So we get
P(A)=aa+b+(ba+b)2aa+b+(ba+b)4aa+b+...=a+ba+2bSimilarly we getP(B)=ba+b.aa+b+(ba+b)3aa+b+...=ba+2bP(A)=2 P(B)a+b=2ba=b.