Free Probability 03 Practice Test - 10th Grade
Question 1
The sum of probabilities of two mutually exclusive events will always be 1.
True
False
SOLUTION
Solution : B
The sum of probabilities of two mutually exclusive events need not be always 1.
For example, consider the events “getting a prime number”, and “getting a composite number” for the experiment of rolling a die. They are mutually exclusive, but the sum of their probabilities is less than 1.
Favorable outcomes for prime no. = 2 , 3, 5
Favorable outcomes for composite no. = 4, 6
P(getting a prime no.) =36=12
P(getting a composite no.) =26=13
12+13≠1. So The sum of probabilities of two mutually exclusive events need not be always 1.
Question 2
State whether the given statement is true or false:
There are 11 outcomes for the sum of two values obtained on rolling two dice.
True
False
SOLUTION
Solution : A
The sum of values on rolling two dice can be any integer value between 2 and 12. Hence, there are 11 outcomes.
Question 3
If an unbiased die is thrown 5 times and every throw resulted in a 6 , what is the probability of getting a 6 on the sixth throw?
less than 16
16
In between 16 to 1
1
SOLUTION
Solution : D
Total number of trials = 5
Number of trials which resulted in '6' = 5
∴Experimental Probability, P(E)
=Number of trials in which the event happenedTotal number of trials
=55
=1
Question 4
What is the probability of getting a sum of 7 on two rolls of a die?
712
111
16
23
SOLUTION
Solution : C
The total possible outcomes when a die is rolled twice are:
1 2 3 4 5 6 11,11,21,31,41,51,622,12,22,32,42,52,633,13,23,33,43,53,644,14,24,34,44,54,655,15,25,35,45,55,666,16,26,36,46,56,6
Total number of outcomes = 36
Number of ways to get sum as 7 = {(1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), (6,1)}
= 6
P(getting sum as 7)=Favourable outcomesTotal possible outcomes
=Outcome having same numbersTotal Outcomes
=636
= 16
Question 5
What is the probability of getting a sum of 13 when rolling a pair of dice?
0
113
112
111
SOLUTION
Solution : A
The highest sum possible when rolling a pair of dice is 12(getting 6 on both dies). So getting a sum of 13 is an impossible event. Hence, the probability is 0.
Question 6
The probability of picking the letter K if you pick a random letter from the word TREKKING is x4. x is
SOLUTION
Solution :The word TREKKING has 8 characters of which 2 are favourable. Hence, the probability is 28 = 14.
Question 7
Indians , Egyptians , Europeans and Australians are residing in a village of area 200 km2. If the area is equally divided between the four countries, what is the probability that a particular person who lands in the village, finds himself in the area occupied by either Indians or Europeans?
0.60
0.33
0.45
0.50
SOLUTION
Solution : D
Each country occupies an area of 50km2
Probability that the person lands on a land occupied by Indians or Europeans = (50+50)200 = 12 = 0.50
Question 8
5 defective glasses are accidentally mixed with 20 good ones. The good glasses and the defective ones look the same from the outside. If a glass is chosen at random, what is the probability that the chosen glass is good?
38
45
35
25
SOLUTION
Solution : B
Given, total number of glasses =25(20+5)
⇒ Total number of outcomes =25
Let E be the event of getting good glass.
Number of good ones =20
⇒ Number of favourable outcomes =20
Probability P(E)=Number of outcomes favourable to ENumber of all possible outcomes of the experiment
=2025=45
∴ The probability of getting a good glass is 45.
Question 9
A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards.What is the probability that the card drawn is a diamond?
12
13
14
15
SOLUTION
Solution : C
Given,
Total number of outcomes = 52
Number of diamonds = 13
Probability of an event, P(E) = =number of favourable outcomestotal number of outcomes
P (getting a card of diamond) = 1352=14
Therefore, probability of getting a card of diamond is 14 .
Question 10
What is the probability of getting a sum of 7 on rolling a pair of dice?
712
111
16
23
SOLUTION
Solution : C
Given,
Sample space for rolling a pair of dice = S { (1,1) , (1,2) , (1,3) , (1,4), (1,5), (1,6) ,
(2,1) , (2,2) , (2,3) , (2,4) , (2,5) , (2,6) ,
(3,1) , (3,2) , (3,3) , (3,4) , (3,5) , (3,6) ,
(4,1) , (4,2) , (4,3) , (4,4) , (4,5) , (4,6) ,
(5,1) , (5,2) , (5,3) , (5,4) , (5,5) , (5,6) ,
(6,1) , (6,2) , (6,3) , (6,4) , (6,5) , (6,6) }
⇒ Total number of outcomes = 36
From the sample space, (1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2) and (6,1) gives sum of 7.
⇒ Number of favourable outcomes = 6
Probability of an event, P(E) = number of favourable outcomestotal number of outcomes
P ( getting sum 7) =636=16
Therefore, the probability of getting a sum of 7 on rolling a pair of dice is 16 .