Free Reproduction in Organisms Subjective Test 01 Practice Test - 7th grade 

Question 1

What is vegetative propagation? [1 MARK]

SOLUTION

Solution :


It is a type of asexual reproduction in plants. In this method, a new plant grows from the vegetative parts of the plant like root, stem and leaf.

Question 2

What is budding? Explain with an example. [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Explanation: 1 Mark
Example: 1 Mark

In this mode of reproduction, one or more outgrowths of reproductive units called buds are formed on the parental body. Each bud consists of a small group of cells surrounded by the epithelium. A bud develops as a small outgrowth on the parent's body. It enlarges and develops the characteristics of the parent organism. A bud may become separated from the parent body and then develop into a new individual, or it may separate only after the completion of development. In some cases, the buds never separate and as a result, colonies of interconnected individuals are formed. As seen in yeast.



 

Question 3

What are bisexual flowers? Give example. [2 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Definition: 1 Mark
Example: 1 Mark

The flowers which contain both male reproductive part (stamen) and female reproductive part (pistil) are called bisexual flowers.
Example: Hibiscus.

Question 4

What is reproduction? What is its purpose?  [2 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark
1. The process by which an organism gives birth to young ones of its own kind is called reproduction. 
2. Reproduction is essential for continuity of species.

Question 5

What are the vegetative parts and the reproductive parts of a plant? [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Each point: 1 Mark

1. Vegetative parts- Parts of a plant which do not participate in sexual reproduction process are called vegetative parts. Roots, stems and leaves are the vegetative parts of a plant.
2. Reproductive parts- Parts of a plant which participate in the sexual reproduction process are called reproductive parts. Flowers, fruits, and seeds are called the reproductive parts of a plant.

Question 6

Write three advantages of vegetative propagation? [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

The advantages of vegetative propagation are

1. It is a cheaper, easier and more rapid method of propagation in plants than growing plants from their seeds.
2. Plants which do not produce seeds can be propagated by this method.
3. The new plants are exact copies of the parent plant.

Question 7

What is pollination? Name the two types of pollination. What is self-pollination? [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.
2. The two types of pollination are self-pollination and cross-pollination.
3. If the pollen lands on the stigma of the same flower or when the pollen of a flower lands on the stigma of another flower of the same plant it is called self-pollination. When pollen lands on the stigma of a different flower on another plant but of the same species, it is called cross-pollination. 

Question 8

What happens to the flowers after fertilization? [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. After fertilization, the ovary grows into a fruit.
2. The seeds develop from the ovules.
3. The other parts of the flower fall off.

Question 9

Give three reasons for dispersal of seeds in plants. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each reason: 1 Mark

Seed dispersal helps the plant

1. To prevent overcrowding.
2. To avoid competition for sunlight, water, and minerals.
3. To invade new habitats.

Question 10

Explain the cutting method of vegetative propagation. Give two examples. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Explanation: 2 Marks
Examples: 1 Mark

Cutting method is a technique of vegetative reproduction in plants. In this method, a branch of the stem is cut out from the plant and buried in the soil.  New leaves arise from the nodes in the stem and the new roots also develop giving rise to a whole new plant. 
Example- rose, sugarcane

Question 11

Explain bulbs in plants. Give two examples. [3 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution : Explanation: 1 Mark
Examples: 2 Marks

Bulbs are stems which are very small and disc-like and function as food storage organs during dormancy. From the stem arise scaly and fleshy leaves which bear buds in their axils. Examples- onions and garlic.
 

Question 12

What is cross-pollination? Mention 2 agents of cross-pollination. Give 1 example of each. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Each point: 1 Mark

1. The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (an anther or a male cone) of one plant to the female reproductive organ (a stigma or a female cone) of another plant is cross-pollination.
2. There are many agents of pollination like insects and wind.
3. Example of plant pollinated by -
(i) insects - sunflower 
(ii) wind - wheat

Question 13

What are the different methods of asexual reproduction? [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each method: 1 Mark

The different methods of asexual reproduction are:
1. Fission -  It is a process of asexual reproduction in which a single cell splits to form two identical, independent cells.
2. Fragmentation - Parent body divides into distinct pieces which grow into new individuals. E.g. alga.
3. Budding - This is a process which occurs in yeasts. A bud or an outgrowth develops on the parent body. Once it attains maturation, it detaches from the parent body (sometimes can remain attached) to form a new individual.
4. Spore formation - Spores are asexual reproductive bodies. Each spore is covered by a hard protective coat to withstand unfavourable conditions. Under favourable conditions, it germinates and develops into a new individual. E.g. fungi.
5. Vegetative propagation - It is a type of asexual reproduction in which vegetative parts of the plant (roots, stems, and leaves) are involved.

Question 14

What do you understand about sexual reproduction in plants? Explain. [5 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 0.5 marks

1. Process of reproduction which involes two parents - a male and a female - is called sexual reproduction. Flower is the sexual reproductive part of a plant.
2. A flower has a male reproductive part called stamen and a female reproductive part called pistil.
3. Stamen has anther which produces male gametes called pollen grains. Pistil carries an ovary which produces female gametes called egg cells.
4. The pollen grains are transferred to the female part of a flower by the process of pollination.
5. Once the pollen lands on a suitable stigma, it forms the pollen tube which carries male gametes to the egg cell present inside the ovule.
6. The male gametes fuse with the egg to form the zygote and this process is called fertilization.
7. Later zygote transforms into an embryo (baby plant) while the ovule develops into the seed.
8. The seed is dispersed via different agents.
9. The seeds protect the plant embryo and on the onset of favourable conditions germinate.
10. Upon germination, the seed gives rise to a seedling.

Question 15

Explain the different parts of a flower. [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Naming all parts: 1 Mark
Explanation: 1 Mark each

Following are the different parts of a flower:
a)Sepal- The green leafy part of a flower that protects the flower during the bud stage.
b)Petal- The bright, colourful part of a flower that attract insects for pollination.
c)Stamen- The male reproductive part of a flower. Stamen has two parts - anther and filament. Anther produces the pollen grains.
d)Pistil- The female reproductive part of a flower. It has three parts - stigma, style and ovary. Ovary contains the ovule which produces the egg cells.

Related Exams