Free Transportation in Animals and Plants Subjective Test 02 Practice Test - 7th grade 

Question 1

Why is circulation of blood necessary? [1 MARK]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Circulation of blood is essential for the transportation of nutrients and oxygen to various parts of the body. It also transports waste for removal from the body. 

Question 2

What are root hairs? What is the significance of root hairs?   [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

Root hairs are the hair-like outgrowths of a plant root.
They are the tubular extensions of the epidermis that greatly increase the surface area of the root. This increases the amount of water and nutrients that the plant can absorb from the soil.

Question 3

What is phloem? What is its function? [2 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

Phloem is one of the two types of vascular tissue in plants. It transports food formed in the leaves to the other parts of the plants.

Question 4

Name the pigment that gives red colour to the blood in animals. What is its function?  [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Naming: 1 Mark
Function: 1 Mark

Haemoglobin is the pigment which gives red colour to the blood in animals.
It carries oxygen to all the parts of the body.

Question 5

Name the components of blood. [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Each component: 0.5 Marks

The components of blood are:
(i) Plasma
(ii) Red blood cells (RBC)
(iii) White blood cells (WBC)
(iv) Platelets

Question 6

Write about the location, structure, and functions of the kidney. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Location: 1 Mark
Structure: 1 Mark
Function: 1 Mark

Kidneys are the bean-shaped organs that are located in the upper abdominal area. They sit opposite each other on both the left and right side of the body; the right kidney, however, sits a little lower than the left to accommodate the size of the liver.
They filter wastes, including urea, salts, and excess water, which are flushed out of the body as urine.

Question 7

Name the three types of blood vessels. Also, write their functions. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

Blood vessels carry blood to different parts of the body.
There are three major types of blood vessels.
a. The arteries, which carry blood away from the heart
b. The capillaries, which enable the actual exchange of oxygen and nutrients between the blood and the cells
c. The veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

Question 8

Describe blood pressure, pulse, and pulse rate?  [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each description: 1 Mark

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of the arteries.
The throbbing movement is called pulse and it is due to the blood flowing in the arteries.
The number of beats per minute is called the pulse rate. A resting person usually has a pulse rate between 72 and 80 beats per minute.

Question 9

Which part of the plant prepares food? Name and explain the process. [3 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Location: 1 Mark
Process: 2 Marks

Plants absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil through the roots and transport it to the leaves. The leaves prepare food for the plants, using water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. This process is called photosynthesis. The prepared food is in the form of glucose.

Question 10

Answer the following: [3 MARKS]
1.Which is the major excretory product of fishes?
2. Which is the major excretory product of birds?
3. Which is the major excretory product of humans? 

SOLUTION

Solution : Each answer: 1 Mark

1. The major excretory product of fishes is ammonia. 
2. The major excretory product of birds is uric acid.
3. The major excretory product of humans is urea. 
 

Question 11

Write three differences between RBC and WBC.  [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Each point: 1 Mark

RBCWBC1.They are red in colour. 1.They are colourless. 2.They have haemoglobin. 2.They lack haemoglobin. 3.They help in transport of gases. 3.They help in fighting against germs and infection.

Question 12

What are the components of urine? Which of these waste products is the main excretory product in human beings? What is removed along with water as sweat? [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Waste products: 1 Mark
Main excretory product: 1 Mark
Sweat: 1 Mark

The urine consists of 95% water, 2.5 % urea and 2.5% other waste products. Urea is the major excretory product in humans. Extra salts are removed along with water as sweat. 

Question 13

Why is excretion required? Name the various parts of the excretory system of humans. Also, write the functions. [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Excretion: 1 Mark
Components: 2 Marks
Functions: 2 Marks

During various activities which are performed within the cells in the body, certain by-products are produced. Some of these products are toxic and are required to be thrown out. This is the reason why excretion is required.

The various components of the excretory system of humans include a pair of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and the urethra.
Kidneys are the structures where the purification of blood occurs. From the kidneys, the urine goes into the urinary bladder through tube-like structures called ureters. It is stored in the urinary bladder and is passed out through the urinary opening at the end of a muscular tube called urethra.

Question 14

Answer the follwoing questions: [5 MARKS]

1.Where is urine formed? 
2. Where is urine stored? 
3. Which part of the excretory system is responsible for the transport of urine from the kidneys to the bladder? 
4. What is the normal composition of urine?
5. What is the major excretory product in humans?

SOLUTION

Solution : Each answer: 1 Mark
1. Urine is formed in the kidneys. 
2. Urine is stored in the urinary bladder.
3. The ureters transport the urine formed in the kidneys to the bladder. 
4. The normal composition of urine is consists of 95% of water, 2.5 % of urea and 2.5% of other waste products. 
5. The major excretory product in humans is urea. 
 

Question 15

Why is blood needed by all the parts of the body?  [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution : Each point: 1 Mark

(i) It carries oxygen to all the parts of the body and also carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be expelled.
(ii) It carries digested food to various parts of the body for absorption.
(iii) It contains platelets which help in the clotting of blood.
(iv) It helps in maintaining constant body temperature.
(v) It transports hormones.
(vi) It helps in fighting the body with germs and bacteria.
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