Free Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Subjective Test 02 Practice Test - 7th grade 

Question 1

Name two regions of the Earth with extreme climatic conditions. [1 MARK]

SOLUTION

Solution : The two regions of the Earth with extreme climatic conditions are the polar regions and the desert. Deserts have extreme hot climate and polar regions have extreme cold climate.

Question 2

What are the roles of a Meteorologist? [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. Meteorologists record the weather every day.
2. These records help us to determine the weather pattern at a place.

Question 3

Define climate. [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Definition: 2 Marks

Climate is the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, such as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years. Climate of a place remains same for a long period of time, hence it does not change frequently.

Question 4

What type of climate is found in the following areas? [2 MARKS]
(a) Assam (b) Kerala 

 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each correct answer: 1 Mark

(a) Assam - It has a wet climate.
(b) Kerala - It has a very hot and wet climate.

Question 5

Define humidity and name the instrument used to measure it. [2 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Definition: 1 Mark
Instrument: 1 Mark

Humidity is a measure of the moisture in air.
Hygrometer is the instrument used to measure humidity.

Question 6

Write a note on tropical regions. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. The tropical region generally has a hot climate because of its location around the equator. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C but  these regions usually get plenty of rainfall.
2. An important feature of this region is the tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforests are found in Western Ghats and Assam in India, Southeast Asia, Central America and Central Africa.
3. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports a wide variety of plants and animals like monkeys, apes, gorillas, tigers, elephants, leopards, lizards, snakes, birds and insects.

Question 7

Differentiate between the following: [3 MARKS]
i) Weather and climate
ii) Humidity and rainfall
iii) Climate of polar region and tropical rainforest

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

(a) Weather is the daily fluctuation in temperature, humidity, etc., while climate is the average weather pattern of a place.
(b) Humidity indicates the wetness of a place due to the amount of moisture in the atmosphere while rainfall is the drops of water that fall from clouds on the ground.
(c) Polar region remains very cold for most part of the year whereas tropical rainforest has a hot and humid climate.

Question 8

What is camouflage? Why is it important for animals? Give two examples. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Definition: 1 Mark
Importance: 1 Mark
Examples: 1 Mark

Camouflage is an adaptation that allows animals to change colour so as to allow them to blend in with their surroundings. The predators can hide and hunt and also the prey can hide from their predators.
Examples: For example, the lion is almost the same colour as dried grass. So, it can stay hidden and hunt its prey.

Question 9

How do pressure and temperature influence weather pattern? [3 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. Higher temperatures cause air near the equator to expand and rise, creating a low pressure area.
2. Similarly, pressure differences between warm and cold air cause air to flow from a higher pressure region to a lower pressure region.
3. Pressure differences lead to the production of strong winds.

Question 10

Explain the types of adaptations. [3 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each adaptation and explanation: 1 Mark

1. Structural adaptations - These are special body parts of an organism that help them to survive in their natural habitat (e.g., skin colour, shape, and body covering). 

2. Behavioural adaptations - These are special ways in which a particular organism behaves to survive in its natural habitat. A behavioral adaptation is an action that animals carry out to increase their chances of survival and reproduction.

3. Physiological adaptations - These are internal systematic responses to external stimuli in order to help an organism maintain homeostasis.

Question 11

Explain, with examples, why we find animals of a certain kind living in a particular climatic condition. [3 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution : Each reason: 2 Marks
Example: 1 Mark

Animals of a certain kind are found in a particular climatic condition because every living organism is adapted to live in a particular habitat. Every living thing develops its features according to the area, where it lives.
For example, penguins have thick skin to protect themselves from cold and webbed feet to swim in water. They cannot survive in the hot climate of tropical regions as they have thick skin for protection from cold.

Question 12

Write three features of polar regions. [3 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution : Each point: 1 Mark

a) The polar regions have an extreme climate. These regions are covered with snow and it is very cold for most part of the year.
b) For six months the sun does not set at the poles while for the other six months the sun does not rise.
c) In winters, the temperature can be as low as –37°C.
 

Question 13

Write a short note on the characteristics of beard ape?  [5 MARKS]
 

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark

1. The lion-tailed macaque (also called Beard ape) lives in the rainforests of Western Ghats. This region generally has hot climate and gets plenty of rainfall. The climatic conditions in rainforests are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and a variety of animals.
2. Its most outstanding feature is the silver-white mane, which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin.
3. It is a good climber and spends a major part of its life on trees.
4. It feeds mainly on fruits. It also eats seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds.
5. This beard ape also searches for insects under the bark of the trees. Since it is able to get sufficient food on the trees, it rarely comes down to the ground.

Question 14

Why do birds migrate in winters? ​Give an example of a migratory bird. How is it different from adaptation?  [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Reason: 2 Marks
Example : 1 Mark
Difference from adaptation : 2 Mark

The regular seasonal journey undertaken by many species of animals and birds to escape the harsh and cold conditions of weather is known as migration. Many animals, birds and fish migrate to warmer regions in winter and come back when winter is over. Migration is marked by its annual seasonality.
For example, the Siberian crane migrates to places like Bharatpur in Rajasthan and Sultanpur in Haryana.
The tendency of an animal to develop special features which improve the chances of its survival in the surroundings where it lives is called adaptation, whereas migration is the movement of animals and birds once in a year to a different location for survival.

Question 15

What are the various components of weather that can be measured? When are the maximum and minimum temperatures of the day recorded? [5 MARKS]

SOLUTION

Solution :

Each point: 1 Mark
The various components of weather that can be measured are:

1. Temperature: Temperature of a place can be measured using a thermometer. It indicates how hot or how cold a place is. 
2. Rainfall: The amount of rainfall that a place gets can be measured using a rain gauge.
3. Wind speed and direction: The direction and the speed of wind in a place can be measured using an Anemometer.
4. Humidity: Humidity indicates the amount of water content in the air.

The maximum temperature of the day is recorded in the afternoon, and the minimum temperature is recorded in the early morning.

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