Free Objective Test 03 Practice Test - 11th and 12th 

Question 1

Match the following types of digestion with their related terms and examples
Column IColumn IIi.Intracellular digestiona. Humansii. Extracellular digestionb. Masticationiii. Mechanical digestionc. Enzymatic actioniv. Biochemicaldigestiond. Amoeba

A.

i).⇒ a ., ii).⇒ c., iii). ⇒ d., iv). ⇒ b

B.

i). ⇒ d., ii). ⇒ a., iii). ⇒ b., iv). ⇒ c

C.

i).⇒c., ii).⇒d., iii).⇒a., iv).⇒b

D.

i).⇒ a., ii).⇒d., iii).⇒b., iv).⇒ c

SOLUTION

Solution : B

The correct matching pairs are :
Intracellular digestion takes place in amoeba. Amoeba is an unicellular organism and it ingests food through phagocytosis, and stores it inside the body in a vacuole. The digestion takes place inside the vacuole, within the body of the organism and therefore it shows intracellular digestion.
Digestion in humans occur inside the alimentary canal that is a hollow digestive tract that enables ingestion, digestion and absorption of food. It does not occur inside cells and therefore is extracellular digestion.
Breaking food down into smaller particles, such that you increase the surface area of the food materials occurs in the oral cavity of many animals through a process called mastication or chewing.
Biochemical disgestion is the breakdown of small food particles with the help of enzymes, therefore it is also called enzymatic digestion. 

Question 2

Consider the following four statements and select the incorrect option, stating the ones that are true (T) and the ones that are false (F) :

I. Upper and Lower Esophageal Sphincters work with opposite peristaltic movements.

II. Entry of food into the stomach from the esophagus is mediated by receptive relaxation..

III. Myenteric plexus and Meissner's plexus help in lubrication of the esophagus.

IV. Failure in regulation of flow by Upper Esophageal Sphincter leads to GERD.

A. I.T II. T III.T IV.T
B. I. F II. T III. F IV.T
C. I.T II. F III.T IV. F
D. I.T II. T III.T IV. F

SOLUTION

Solution : D

Statement IV is false because, GERD is caused due to prolapsed reflexes of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (NOT the UES) epithelium leading to failure in the mechanism of Lower Esophageal Sphincter which pushes gastric acid juices into the esophagus causing GERD or Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Question 3

Fatty acids which cannot be absorbed through the small intestine are coated with small proteins and form __.

SOLUTION

Solution : As digested fats are insoluble in water, they are coated with small quantity of proteins and are called chylomicrons. These are then absorbed into lacteals of the intestinal villi from where they reach venous blood and subsequently other parts via the bloodstream.

Question 4

Lactose is hydrolysed into

A. Fructose only
B. glucose only
C. glucose+fructose
D. glucose +galactose

SOLUTION

Solution : D

Lactose is hydrolysed to glucose and galactose ,in presence of lactase enzyme.

Question 5

In man, the zymogen or chief cells are mainly found in

A. Cardiac part of stomach
B. Pyloric part of stomach
C. Duodenum
D. Fundic part of stomach

SOLUTION

Solution : D

Zymogen or chief cells are present in the fundic part of stomach. Chief cells are usually basal in location and secrete gastric digestive enzymes as proenzymes or zymogens; pepsinogen and prorennin.

Question 6

Pancreas produces

A. Three digestive enzymes and one hormone
B. Three types of digestive enzymes and two important gluose related hormones
C. Two digestive enzymes and one hormone
D. Three digestive enzymes and no hormone

SOLUTION

Solution : B

Pancreas secretes three types of digestive enzymes trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase. These enzymes digest proteins. The two hormones secreted are insulin and glucagon that maintain glucose level in the blood.

Question 7

Anxiety and eating spicy food together in an otherwise normal human, may lead to

A. Diarrhoea
B. Vomiting
C. Indigestion
D. Jaundice

SOLUTION

Solution : C

Anxiety and eating spicy food together in an otherwise normal human, may lead to indigestion.

Question 8

Regarding Assertion (A) and Reason (R), select the right option.
(A) The caecum is large and spacious in herbivore.
(R) In most herbivores cellulose digestion occurs in caecum.

A. If both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C. If (A) is true, but (R) is false
D. If (A) and (R) are false

SOLUTION

Solution : A

The herbivores have a gigantic caecum (huge blind pouch) which contains billions of bacteria and participates in digestion. The Appendix of the herbivores also help in the digestion of cellulose.

Question 9

Which of the following represents the dental formula of man

A. 0.0.3.3
3.1.3.3
B. 2.0.3.3
1.0.2.3
C. 2.1.2.3
2.1.2.3
D. 1.0.0.3
1.0.0.3

SOLUTION

Solution : C

The number of teeth of each type is written as a dental formula for one side of the mouth, or quadrant, with the upper and lower teeth shown on separate rows. The number of teeth in a mouth is twice that listed as there are two sides.
In each set, incisors (I) are indicated first, canines (C) second, premolars (P) third, and finally molars (M), giving I:C:P:M. So for example, the formula 2.1.2.3 for upper teeth indicates 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars on one side of the upper mouth

Question 10

Starch is converted to maltose by the action of

A. Maltase
B. Sucrose
C. Amylase
D. Invertase

SOLUTION

Solution : C

Ptyalin, a form of amylase in the saliva of humans and some animals, catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin.

Question 11

Toxic substances are detoxified in human body in

A. Kidney
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Stomach

SOLUTION

Solution : C

Detoxification or detoxication (detox for short) is the physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism, including the human body, which is mainly carried out by the liver.

Question 12

Glucose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine by

A. Osmosis
B. Passive transport
C. Active transport
D. Selective absorption

SOLUTION

Solution : C

Active transport occurs against the concentration gradient and hence requires energy. Various nutrients like amino acids, monosacharides like glucose,electrolytes like Na+ are absorbed into the blood by this mechanism.

Question 13

Bile salts help in

A. digestion of fat
B. digestion and absorption of fat
C. digestion of protein
D. digestion of protein and fat

SOLUTION

Solution : B

Bile salts are not digestive enzymes but contains inorganic salts. They neutralize the HCl, imparting alkanity to chyme and inactivating gastric pepsin. Here, the fat is emulsified, which facilitates easy action of lipases of pancreatic juice upon the fat. The bile salts also help in absorption of fatty acid, monoglycerides, cholesterol and other lipids from chyme.

Question 14

If for some reason our goblet cells are non-functional, this will adversely affect

A. Production of somatostatin 
B. Secretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
C. Maturation of sperms 
D. Smooth movement of food downwards the intestine

SOLUTION

Solution : D

Goblet cells are present in the columnar epithelium of the mammalian intestine and secrete mucin, a mucoprotein that forms mucus when in solution. If Goblet cells become non functional, this will adversely affect smooth movement of food downwards the intestine due to absence of mucin.

Question 15

Which of the following is an organic molecule needed by the body in small amounts?

A. Protein
B. Lipids
C. Vitamin C
D. Monosaccharide

SOLUTION

Solution : C

Vitamin C is a water soluble vitamin needed to be taken into the body in small amounts. Vitamin C is therefore categorised as a micronutrient. All the others mentioned here, i.e., proteins, lipids and monosaccharides are macronutrients. They are required by the body in large quantities for supply of energy and as building blocks in the body. Monosaccharides like glucose molecules are the primary source for energy in the body.

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