There is a degradation of natural forest and soil due to this met

SOLUTION

The correct answer is option 2 i.e Slash and burn.

• Terrace farming:
  • Terrace farming refers to the act of creating steps or terraces on mountain slopes to carry out farming activities.
  • Each level consists of various crops being grown.
  • The advantage is that rains do not wash away the nutrients altogether, but they are pushed down to the lower levels.
• Slash and burn:
  • ​In ‘slash and burns’ agriculture farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their family.
  • When the soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation.
  • This type of shifting allows nature to replenish the fertility of the soil through natural processes.
  • Land productivity in this type of agriculture is low as the farmer does not use fertilisers or other modern inputs.
• Agro-forestry:
  • Agro-forestry is the raising of trees and agriculture crops on the same land inclusive of the waste patches.
  • It combines forestry with agriculture, thus, altering the simultaneous production of food, fodder, fuel, timber and fruit.
• Subsistence agriculture:
  • Subsistence agriculture occurs when farmers grow food crops to meet the needs of themselves and their families.
  • In subsistence agriculture, farm output is targeted to survival and is mostly for local requirements with little or no surplus.