Number of electric lines of force passing through unit area is ca

SOLUTION

CONCEPT:

• Electric flux: The number of electric field lines passing through a surface area normally is called electric flux. It is denoted by Φ.

• The electric flux through a chosen surface is given by:

\({\rm{\Delta }}\phi = \vec E.{\rm{\Delta }}\vec S = E{\rm{\Delta }}Scos\theta \)

Where θ is the angle between the electrical field and the positive normal to the surface.

EXPLANATION:

• The number of electric lines of force passing through unit area is called electric flux. So option 1 is correct.
• The electric charge per unit area is called electric surface charge density of that surface.
• The space or region around the electric charge in which electrostatic force can be experienced by other charged particles is called an electric field by that electric charge.

EXTRA POINTS:

• Gauss’s Law: It states that the net electric field through a closed surface equals the net charge enclosed by the surface divided by ϵ0.

\(\oint \vec E.\overrightarrow {ds} = \frac{{{q_{inside}}}}{{{ϵ_0}}}\)

Where E = electric field, ds = small area, qinside = the total charge inside the surface, and ϵ0 = the permittivity of free space.