When a tool is set below the centre, the

SOLUTION

Explanation:

Errors in tool setting

• The tool should be set exactly at the center of the workpiece for proper cutting.
• If the tool is kept below or above the workpiece, the tool geometry gets affected as shown in the figure.
• If the tool is set at a position below the workpiece center by a distance h, then the expected changes are:

• \(R=\sqrt{r^2-h^2}\)
• where, R = actual radius of the component, r = radius set.
• \(\alpha=sin ^{-1}(\frac{r}{h})\)
• The above angle decreases the actual rake angle α while the clearance angle increases by the same amount. Thus the cutting forces increase because of the prediction in the rake angle.
• Setting the tool above the center causes the rake angle to increase, while the clearance angle reduces.
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